Part 2: Describe a law you want to have in your country
You should say:
What the law would be
Why do you think this law is needed
How this law would change people’s lives
And explain any potential challenges in implementing this law
Các bài mẫu trên trang web này có khá nhiều từ vựng nâng cao. Mình không phải muốn ‘nhồi nhét’ để các bạn ‘ngợp’ đâu, mà mong muốn tạo thêm nhiều cơ hội để các bạn trau dồi thêm vốn từ vựng. Nếu có phần nào cảm thấy hơi khó, các bạn cứ thoải mái đơn giản hóa lại nhé!
Các bài mẫu chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo và đều đạt tiêu chuẩn từ vựng (lexical resource) và ngữ pháp (grammatical range and accuracy) ở mức 8+. Tuy nhiên, bạn không nên học thuộc lòng mà hãy trả lời theo cách/câu chuyện của riêng mình. Đồng thời, đừng quên chú trọng vào hai tiêu chí quan trọng nhất: phát âm (pronunciation) và độ trôi chảy (fluency).
Đây là một đề khó, đặc biệt là với các bạn học sinh chưa có nhiều kiến thức xã hội. Với đề này mình sẽ chọn nói về một vấn đề gần gũi với các bạn học sinh, đó là việc không/hạn chế giao bài tập về nhà cho trẻ em của quốc gia Phần Lan mà mình muốn Việt Nam cũng áp dụng. Việc trẻ em Phần Lan có ít bài tập về nhà không phải là luật bắt buộc, mà là kết quả của văn hóa giáo dục và triết lý giảng dạy của nước này. Tuy nhiên, mình sẽ giải thích điều này trong bài nói để tránh bị giám khảo hiểu sai là mình lạc đề.
Bài mẫu
A law I would like to be implemented in Vietnam is one that significantly reduces or even eliminates homework for young children, similar to the educational approach adopted in Finland. While I’m not entirely sure if Finland enforces this as an official law, the lack of homework is a widely embraced practice, and I believe it could bring about a transformative change in Vietnam.
As far as I’m concerned, children in Vietnam, despite their academic achievements, often seem stressed and burdened by excessive schoolwork. I have lived in several countries and have seen firsthand how children, when given the freedom to explore and play after school, are much happier and more well-rounded. Finland is a prime example of this, where children are encouraged to enjoy their childhood without the constant pressure of homework, and the results speak for themselves: they rank high in both educational success and overall well-being.
If this law were implemented in Vietnam, I believe it would have a profound impact on the lives of children and their families. First, it would give children the time to pursue extracurricular interests and develop critical social skills. Also, the absence of homework would strengthen family relationships, as parents would have more opportunities to engage with their children in meaningful ways, without the looming stress of schoolwork hanging over their evenings. Ultimately, this would contribute to a more balanced and emotionally healthy upbringing.
However, implementing such a law could face several challenges. One potential hurdle would be the traditional mindset that equates academic success with rigorous studying and homework. Convincing both parents and educators that children can still excel academically without the extra burden of homework would require a cultural shift in the way education is perceived. Furthermore, there would need to be careful planning to ensure that school curricula are adapted accordingly so that essential learning objectives are met within school hours.
In short, I believe it could lead to a more enriching and fulfilling childhood for Vietnamese students, allowing them to develop holistically and enjoy their formative years without unnecessary pressure.
Vocabulary
1. Eliminate: (v) /ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt/: to completely remove or get rid of something.
Vietnamese: Loại bỏ
2. Enforce: (v) /ɪnˈfɔːrs/: to compel observance of or compliance with (a law, rule, or obligation).
Vietnamese: Thi hành, bắt buộc thực hiện
3. Embrace: (v) /ɪmˈbreɪs/: to accept or support willingly and enthusiastically; to hold someone closely in one’s arms.
Vietnamese: Chấp nhận, đón nhận; ôm chặt
4. Transformative: (adj) /trænsˈfɔːrmətɪv/: causing a marked change in someone or something.
Vietnamese: Mang tính chuyển đổi
5. Rationale: (n) /ˌræʃəˈnæl/: the underlying reason or explanation for something.
Vietnamese: Lý do, cơ sở lý luận
6. Burdened: (adj) /ˈbɜːrdnd/: carrying a heavy load or responsibility.
Vietnamese: Gánh nặng
7. Foster: (v) /ˈfɑːstər/: to encourage the development of something, especially something good.
Vietnamese: Thúc đẩy, nuôi dưỡng
8. Holistic: (adj) /həʊˈlɪstɪk/, characterized by the belief that the parts of something are interconnected and can only be fully understood in relation to the whole.
Vietnamese: Toàn diện
9. Cultural shift: (n) /ˈkʌltʃərəl ʃɪft/: a significant change in the way a society views or behaves regarding certain issues.
Vietnamese: Sự thay đổi văn hóa
10. Convince: (v) /kənˈvɪns/, to make someone believe or feel sure about something.
Vietnamese: Thuyết phục
11. Perceived: (v) /pərˈsiːvd/regarded or understood in a particular way.
Vietnamese: Được nhìn nhận
Part 3:
- Do you think all laws are necessary, or are some laws outdated?
While many laws are essential for maintaining order and ensuring safety in society, I do believe that some laws become outdated over time. As society evolves, certain regulations may no longer be relevant or practical. For example, laws regarding technology often need to be updated to keep pace with rapid advancements. Additionally, cultural and social values shift, which means that certain legislations that were once necessary may become obsolete. It’s important for lawmakers to periodically review and revise laws to reflect the current needs and values of society.
2. How do laws impact the behavior of people in society?
Laws play a crucial role in shaping how individuals behave in society. By establishing clear rules and penalties for violations, laws create a framework that encourages people to act in a socially acceptable manner. For instance, traffic laws deter reckless driving by imposing fines or even jail time for offenders, which ultimately promotes public safety. Moreover, laws set moral and ethical standards, which guide people’s actions, helping them differentiate between right and wrong. Without laws, there would likely be chaos, as individuals wouldn’t have the same incentive to follow societal norms.
3. What are some challenges that governments face when enforcing new laws?
One of the major challenges that governments face when enforcing new laws is public resistance. People are often hesitant to accept changes, especially if the new law goes against established customs or habits. Another challenge is resources—governments need adequate funding and personnel to properly implement and monitor the law’s effectiveness. Additionally, corruption within law enforcement agencies can also hinder the successful implementation of new regulations, as some officials may not strictly enforce them. Lastly, there can be ambiguities in how laws are interpreted, leading to inconsistencies in enforcement.
4. Should laws be the same for all countries, or should they vary depending on culture and tradition?
I believe that laws should vary depending on the culture and tradition of each country. While some universal principles, such as human rights and safety regulations, should be upheld everywhere, the specific circumstances of each nation must be taken into account. For example, countries with a deep connection to their religious or cultural heritage may have laws that reflect these beliefs, and it would be inappropriate to impose laws that contradict these traditions. Moreover, economic and social contexts differ widely between countries, so a one-size-fits-all approach would not work effectively. Tailoring laws to each society’s unique needs and values is essential for maintaining harmony and compliance.
Vocabulary:
· Order: (n): /ˈɔːrdər/: a state in which everything is in its correct or appropriate place.
Vietnamese: Trật tự
· Outdated: (adj) /aʊtˈdeɪtɪd/: no longer useful or modern.
Vietnamese: Lỗi thời
· Legislations: (n) /ˌlɛdʒɪsˈleɪʃənz/: laws considered collectively.
Vietnamese: Luật pháp
· Obsolete: (adj) /ˌɑːbsəˈliːt/: no longer produced or used; out of date.
Vietnamese: Lỗi thời
· Revise: (v) /rɪˈvaɪz/: to re-examine and make alterations to something.
Vietnamese: Sửa đổi, xem lại
· Crucial: (adj) /ˈkruːʃəl/, extremely important or necessary.
Vietnamese: Quan trọng, cốt yếu
· Penalties: (n) /ˈpɛnəltiz/, punishments for breaking a law or rule.
Vietnamese: Hình phạt
· Framework: (n) /ˈfreɪmˌwɜrk/, a basic structure underlying a system or concept.
Vietnamese: Khuôn khổ, cơ cấu
· Deter: (v) /dɪˈtɜr/: to discourage someone from doing something by instilling doubt or fear of the consequences.
Vietnamese: Ngăn cản, răn đe
· Incentive: (n) /ɪnˈsɛntɪv/: something that motivates or encourages someone to do something.
Vietnamese: Động lực, sự khuyến khích
· Public resistance: (n) /ˈpʌblɪk rɪˈzɪstəns/: opposition from the general population.
Vietnamese: Sự phản đối của công chúng
· Monitor: (v) /ˈmɑːnɪtər/: to observe and check the progress or quality of something over time.
Vietnamese: Giám sát, theo dõi
· Corruption: (n) /kəˈrʌpʃən/: dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power.
Vietnamese: Sự tham nhũng
· Hinder: (v) /ˈhɪndər/: to create difficulties for someone or something, resulting in delay or obstruction.
Vietnamese: Cản trở
· Ambiguities: (n) /ˌæmbɪˈɡjuːɪtiz/: unclear or inexact aspects of a situation or statement.
Vietnamese: Sự mơ hồ, không rõ ràng
· Universal: (adj) /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜrsəl/: applicable everywhere or in all cases; common to all.
Vietnamese: Chung, phổ biến
· Tailor: (v) /ˈteɪlər/: make something suitable for a particular person or purpose.
Vietnamese: Điều chỉnh, thay đổi cho phù hợp
· Compliance: (n)/kəmˈplaɪəns/: the act of obeying a rule, order, or request.
Vietnamese: Sự tuân thủ